1_[spring jpa]manytoone 연관관계
N:1 연관관계
저번에는 User:UserHistory의 관계가 1:N이라는 점에 초점을 맞춰서 공부를 했었다
@OneToMany에서는 참조되는 값을 1에서 갖고 있지 않다! 1측에 해당하는 PK인 아이디를 참조되는 측인 N측에서 FK로 가지고 있게 된다
→따라서 N측에서 @ManyToOne이 조금 더 깔끔하게 엔티티를 구성할 수 있다
01. N측에 @ManyToOne 붙이기
UserHistory 측에 @ManyToOne을 붙여주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class})
public class UserHistory extends BaseEntity/*implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
@Column(name="user_id")
private Long userId;
private String name;
private String email;
// @CreatedDate
// private LocalDateTime createdAt;
// @LastModifiedDate
// private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
private boolean active;
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
**@ManyToOne
private User user;**
}
그리고, 저번시간에 테스트했던 내용을 UserHistoryRepositoryTest에 메서드 이름만 달리하여 실행해주면
@Test
public void manyToOne(){
User user=new User();
user.setName("David");
user.setEmail("david@fastcampus.com");
user.setGender(MALE);
userRepository.save(user);
user.setName("daniel");
userRepository.save(user);//update
user.setEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com");
userRepository.save(user);//update
List<UserHistory> list=userRepository.findByEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com").getUserHistories();
System.out.println(list);
}
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException:
[PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate
SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.
MappingException: Repeated column in mapping for entity:
com.example.jpa_entity.domain.UserHistory
column: user_id (should be mapped with insert="false" update="false")
퍼시스턴스 예외가 발생한다. 메시지를 보니, user_id에 대해서 insert=false와 update=false를 설정해주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class})
public class UserHistory extends BaseEntity/*implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
**@Column(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)**
private Long userId;
private String name;
private String email;
// @CreatedDate
// private LocalDateTime createdAt;
// @LastModifiedDate
// private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
private boolean active;
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@ManyToOne
private User user;
}
이번에는 정상동작을 하지만, user 데이터가 출력되지 않았다
그러면 히스토리 값들이라도 잘 나오는지 확인해보자
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Gender;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.UserHistory;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.util.List;
import static com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Gender.MALE;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
@SpringBootTest
class UserHistoryRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private UserHistoryRepository userHistoryRepository;
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Test
public void manyToOne(){
User user=new User();
user.setName("David");
user.setEmail("david@fastcampus.com");
user.setGender(MALE);
userRepository.save(user);
user.setName("daniel");
userRepository.save(user);//update
user.setEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com");
userRepository.save(user);//update
userHistoryRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
List<UserHistory> list=userRepository.findByEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com").getUserHistories();
System.out.println(list);
}
}
Hibernate:
insert
into
user
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
**insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)**
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_
from
user_history userhistor0_
**UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.230, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.230), id=1, userId=null, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=null)
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.320, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.320), id=2, userId=null, name=daniel, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=null)
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.327, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:09:33.327), id=3, userId=null, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=null)**
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_,
user0_.active as active4_3_,
user0_.email as email5_3_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_,
user0_.name as name7_3_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.email=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
[]
그러면 히스토리 값들은 출력이 되지만, userId값이 null이고 user도 null로 되어 있음을 확인해볼 수 있다
그 이유는 우리가 앞서 퍼시스턴스 예외 메시지를 따라서 userId에 대해서 insertable=false, updatable=false를 지정해주었기 때문이다
02. 엔티티 리스너에서 1측의 객체 주입해주기
User 객체에 대한 엔티티 리스너 클래스인 UserEntityListener에서 setter로 UserHistory 객체에 User 객체를 주입해주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.UserHistory;
import com.example.jpa_entity.repository.UserHistoryRepository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.support.BeanUtils;
import javax.persistence.PostPersist;
import javax.persistence.PostUpdate;
public class UserEntityListener {
@PostPersist
@PostUpdate
public void prePersist(Object o){
UserHistoryRepository userHistoryRepository= BeanUtils.getBean(UserHistoryRepository.class);
User user=(User)o;
//userHistory는 insert
UserHistory userHistory=new UserHistory();
userHistory.setUserId(user.getId());
userHistory.setName(user.getName());
userHistory.setEmail(user.getEmail());
userHistory.setCratedAt(user.getCratedAt());
userHistory.setUpdatedAt(user.getUpdatedAt());
userHistory.setActive(user.isActive());
userHistory.setGender(user.getGender());
**userHistory.setUser(user);**
userHistoryRepository.save(userHistory);
}
}
그러면 이번에는 toString으로 인한 순환참조로 StackOverflowError가 발생하였다
03. toString.Exclude로 순환참조 막아주기
그래서 toString으로 될 user를 제외시켜주자 (@ToString.Exclude)
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class})
public class UserHistory extends BaseEntity/*implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
@Column(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
private Long userId;
private String name;
private String email;
// @CreatedDate
// private LocalDateTime createdAt;
// @LastModifiedDate
// private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
private boolean active;
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
**@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private User user;**
}
Hibernate:
insert
into
user
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
update
user_history
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?,
user_id=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_
from
user_history userhistor0_
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_,
userhistor1_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_,
userhistor1_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor1_.id as id1_4_2_,
userhistor1_.created_at as created_2_4_2_,
userhistor1_.updated_at as updated_3_4_2_,
userhistor1_.active as active4_4_2_,
userhistor1_.email as email5_4_2_,
userhistor1_.gender as gender6_4_2_,
userhistor1_.name as name7_4_2_,
userhistor1_.user_id as user_id8_4_2_
from
user user0_
left outer join
user_history userhistor1_
on user0_.id=userhistor1_.user_id
where
user0_.id=?
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.048, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.068), id=1, userId=6, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE)
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.126, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.126), id=2, userId=6, name=daniel, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE)
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.135, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.135), id=3, userId=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_,
user0_.active as active4_3_,
user0_.email as email5_3_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_,
user0_.name as name7_3_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.email=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
[UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.048, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.068), id=1, userId=6, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE), UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.126, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.126), id=2, userId=6, name=daniel, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE), UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.135, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:18:37.135), id=3, userId=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE)]
그러면 이번에는 userId값이 null이 아닌 값이 들어왔음을 확인해볼 수 있다
하지만 user값이 보이지 않는다(toString.Exclude로 제외시켰기 때문)
그리고 지금과 같이 1과 N측 각각에서 관계를 만들어주었기 때문에, 더이상 UserHistory안에 있는 userId는 없어도 된다
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class})
public class UserHistory extends BaseEntity/*implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
// @Column(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
// private Long userId;
private String name;
private String email;
// @CreatedDate
// private LocalDateTime createdAt;
// @LastModifiedDate
// private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
private boolean active;
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private User user;
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.UserHistory;
import com.example.jpa_entity.repository.UserHistoryRepository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.support.BeanUtils;
import javax.persistence.PostPersist;
import javax.persistence.PostUpdate;
public class UserEntityListener {
@PostPersist
@PostUpdate
public void prePersist(Object o){
UserHistoryRepository userHistoryRepository= BeanUtils.getBean(UserHistoryRepository.class);
User user=(User)o;
//userHistory는 insert
UserHistory userHistory=new UserHistory();
// userHistory.setUserId(user.getId());
userHistory.setName(user.getName());
userHistory.setEmail(user.getEmail());
userHistory.setCratedAt(user.getCratedAt());
userHistory.setUpdatedAt(user.getUpdatedAt());
userHistory.setActive(user.isActive());
userHistory.setGender(user.getGender());
userHistory.setUser(user);
userHistoryRepository.save(userHistory);
}
}
create table user_history (
id bigint generated by default as identity,
created_at timestamp,
updated_at timestamp,
active boolean not null,
email varchar(255),
gender varchar(255),
name varchar(255),
**user_id bigint,**
primary key (id)
)
그리고 이렇게 지워주어도, DDL을 살펴보면 UserHistory측에 user_id가 FK로써 존재함을 확인해볼 수 있다
앞서 “하지만 user값이 보이지 않는다(toString.Exclude로 제외시켰기 때문)”이라고 말을 했는데,
이는, 양측에서 관계를 만들어주었기 때문에 양방향 관계가 되었기 때문에, 비록 toString에서 확인은 어렵지만, getUser로 UserHistory측에서 확인이 가능하다!
@Test
public void manyToOne(){
User user=new User();
user.setName("David");
user.setEmail("david@fastcampus.com");
user.setGender(MALE);
userRepository.save(user);
user.setName("daniel");
userRepository.save(user);//update
user.setEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com");
userRepository.save(user);//update
userHistoryRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
List<UserHistory> list=userRepository.findByEmail("davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com").getUserHistories();
System.out.println(list);
System.out.println("양방향: "+userHistoryRepository.findById(1L).orElseThrow(RuntimeException::new).getUser());
}
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
양방향: User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.279,
updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.445), id=6, name=daniel,
email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null,
gender=MALE, userHistories=[UserHistory(super=BaseEntity
(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.348, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.369),
id=1, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false,
gender=MALE),
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.435,
updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.435), id=2, name=daniel,
email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE),
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.447,
updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:31:09.447), id=3, name=daniel,
email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE)])
그런데, userHistories가 너무 길이가 긴데 확인하기도 복잡해서, 오히려 UserHistory 클래스가 아닌 User 클래스 측에서 toString.Exclude를 해주는 것이 보다 나을 것이다
그러면 UserHistory에서는 history 리스트를 확인할 수도 있고,
User객체를 확인할 때에는 쿼리메서드와 getUser를 이용하면 history를 중복해서 확인하지 않아도 된다!(User측에서 toString에 List
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.UserEntityListener;
import lombok.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
@Table(name="user")
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class,UserEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class, UserEntityListener.class})
@EntityListeners(value={UserEntityListener.class})
public class User extends BaseEntity /*implements Auditable*/{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Long id;
@NonNull
@Column(name="name")
private String name;
@NonNull
@Column(name="email")
private String email;
@Column(name="active")
private boolean active;
@Transient
private String testData;
//enum
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
**@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
@ToString.Exclude
private List<UserHistory> userHistories=new ArrayList<>();**
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class})
public class UserHistory extends BaseEntity/*implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
// @Column(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
// private Long userId;
private String name;
private String email;
// @CreatedDate
// private LocalDateTime createdAt;
// @LastModifiedDate
// private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
private boolean active;
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@ManyToOne
private User user;
}
Hibernate:
insert
into
user
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
update
user_history
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?,
user_id=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
update
user
set
created_at=?,
updated_at=?,
active=?,
email=?,
gender=?,
name=?
where
id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
user_history
(id, created_at, updated_at, active, email, gender, name, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_
from
user_history userhistor0_
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_0_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_0_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_0_,
user0_.active as active4_3_0_,
user0_.email as email5_3_0_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_0_,
user0_.name as name7_3_0_,
userhistor1_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_,
userhistor1_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor1_.id as id1_4_2_,
userhistor1_.created_at as created_2_4_2_,
userhistor1_.updated_at as updated_3_4_2_,
userhistor1_.active as active4_4_2_,
userhistor1_.email as email5_4_2_,
userhistor1_.gender as gender6_4_2_,
userhistor1_.name as name7_4_2_,
userhistor1_.user_id as user_id8_4_2_
from
user user0_
left outer join
user_history userhistor1_
on user0_.id=userhistor1_.user_id
where
user0_.id=?
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.403, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.429), id=1, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE))
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.513, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.513), id=2, name=daniel, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE))
UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.526, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.526), id=3, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE))
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_3_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_3_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_3_,
user0_.active as active4_3_,
user0_.email as email5_3_,
user0_.gender as gender6_3_,
user0_.name as name7_3_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.email=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
[UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.403, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.429), id=1, name=David, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE)), UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.513, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.513), id=2, name=daniel, email=david@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE)), UserHistory(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.526, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.526), id=3, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, gender=MALE, user=User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE))]
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_0_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_0_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_0_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_0_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_0_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_0_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
user1_.id as id1_3_1_,
user1_.created_at as created_2_3_1_,
user1_.updated_at as updated_3_3_1_,
user1_.active as active4_3_1_,
user1_.email as email5_3_1_,
user1_.gender as gender6_3_1_,
user1_.name as name7_3_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
left outer join
user user1_
on userhistor0_.user_id=user1_.id
where
userhistor0_.id=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_4_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_4_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_4_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_4_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_4_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_4_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_4_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_4_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
양방향: User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.314, updatedAt=2021-08-30T14:38:13.522), id=6, name=daniel, email=davidToDaniel@fastcampus.com, active=false, testData=null, gender=MALE)
→ jpa에서는 FK를 이용하기 보다, getter로 연결되는 값을 가져올 수 있다
연습하기-위의 ERD를 참고로 도메인을 만들고 연습하기
먼저 N:N을 배우지 않았지만, 직감적으로 비슷한 흐름으로 Author를 작성했으니 해당 클래스만 양해바란다
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Entity
public class Review extends BaseEntity{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String title;
private String content;
private double score;
//book_id,user_id
@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private User user;
@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private Book book;
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Entity
public class Publisher extends BaseEntity{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String name;
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="publisher_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Book> books=new ArrayList<>();
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Entity
public class Author extends BaseEntity{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String name;
private String country;
@ManyToMany
private List<Book> books=new ArrayList<>();
}
그리고 생성한 세 개의 도메인에 대해서 레포지토리도 만들어두자
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Review;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface ReviewRepository extends JpaRepository<Review,Long> {
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Publisher;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface PublisherRepository extends JpaRepository<Publisher,Long> {
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Author;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface AuthorRepository extends JpaRepository<Author,Long> {
}
그런데 Book과 Review는 1:N의 상황이기 때문에 Book측에서도 수정해줄 수 있다
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
///@EntityListeners(value=MyEntityListener.class)
//@EntityListeners(value= AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class Book extends BaseEntity/* implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
//책 이름
private String name;
private String category;
//책 저자
private Long authorId;
private Long publisherId;
@OneToOne(mappedBy = "book")
@ToString.Exclude
private BookReviewInfo bookReviewInfo;
**@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="book_id")
@ToString.Exclude**
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();
}
더불어 Book과 Publisher도 N:1의 관계이므로 Book에서도 아래처럼 관계를 명시해줄 수 있다
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
///@EntityListeners(value=MyEntityListener.class)
//@EntityListeners(value= AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class Book extends BaseEntity/* implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
//책 이름
private String name;
private String category;
//책 저자
private Long authorId;
private Long publisherId;
@OneToOne(mappedBy = "book")
@ToString.Exclude
private BookReviewInfo bookReviewInfo;
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="book_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();
**@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private Publisher publisher;**
}
마찬가지로 User의 입장에서 Review 는 1:N의 관계라서 아래처럼 OneToMany로 이어줄 수 있다
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.UserEntityListener;
import lombok.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
@Table(name="user")
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class,UserEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class, UserEntityListener.class})
@EntityListeners(value={UserEntityListener.class})
public class User extends BaseEntity /*implements Auditable*/{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Long id;
@NonNull
@Column(name="name")
private String name;
@NonNull
@Column(name="email")
private String email;
@Column(name="active")
private boolean active;
@Transient
private String testData;
//enum
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
@ToString.Exclude
private List<UserHistory> userHistories=new ArrayList<>();
**@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="user_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();**
}
이 상황에서 기존의 테스트를 돌려보면,
Caused by: org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException:
Table [book] contains physical column name [publisher_id]
referred to by multiple logical column names: [publisher_id],
[publisherId]
book내부에 이미 publisherId가 있어서 ManyToOne에 의해 연결되는 publisher_id로 인한 복제 매핑 충돌이 일어난다
따라서 기존의 long publisherId를 지워주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.Auditable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
///@EntityListeners(value=MyEntityListener.class)
//@EntityListeners(value= AuditingEntityListener.class)
public class Book extends BaseEntity/* implements Auditable*/ {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
//책 이름
private String name;
private String category;
//책 저자
private Long authorId;
// private Long publisherId;
@OneToOne(mappedBy = "book")
@ToString.Exclude
private BookReviewInfo bookReviewInfo;
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="book_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();
@ManyToOne
@ToString.Exclude
private Publisher publisher;
}
그러면 Book과 관련된 RepositoryTest에 존재하는 테스트 메서드 내부의 setter가 문제된다(필드가 존재하지 않아서)
깔끔하게 setPublisherId를 주석처리하자
(예시)-BookRepositoryTest
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Book;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class BookRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private BookRepository bookRepository;
@BeforeEach
public void init(){
System.out.println("insert");
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("테스트");
book.setAuthorId(1L);
// book.setPublisherId(1L);
bookRepository.save(book);
System.out.println("insert 끝");
}
@Test
public void bookTest(){
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("jpa 초격차 패키지");
book.setAuthorId(2L);
book.setPublisherId(2L);
bookRepository.save(book);
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
}
@Test
public void listenerTest(){
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
//Book(id=6, name=테스트, author=테스트, createdAt=2021-08-24T15:10:22.153, updatedAt=2021-08-24T15:10:22.153)
System.out.println("update");
Book book2=bookRepository.findById(6L).orElseThrow(RuntimeException::new);
book2.setName("수정");
bookRepository.save(book2);
System.out.println("update 끝");
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
}
}
그리고 Book, User, Publisher,Review DDL을 살펴보면
N측에 해당되는 Book과 Review테이블에 FK로써 pushlisher_id, book_id, user_id가 생성되었음을 확인해볼 수있다
Hibernate:
create table book (
id bigint generated by default as identity,
created_at timestamp,
updated_at timestamp,
author_id bigint,
category varchar(255),
name varchar(255),
**publisher_id bigint**,
primary key (id)
)
Hibernate:
create table publisher (
id bigint generated by default as identity,
created_at timestamp,
updated_at timestamp,
name varchar(255),
primary key (id)
)
Hibernate:
create table review (
id bigint generated by default as identity,
created_at timestamp,
updated_at timestamp,
content varchar(255),
score double not null,
title varchar(255),
**book_id bigint,
user_id bigint,**
primary key (id)
)
Hibernate:
create table user (
id bigint generated by default as identity,
created_at timestamp,
updated_at timestamp,
active boolean,
email varchar(255),
gender varchar(255),
name varchar(255),
primary key (id)
)
먼저 Author를 제외한 나머지 관계들이 Book과 관계되어 있어서 BookRepositoryTest에서 데이터를 미리 저장하도록 한 후, 접근하도록 테스트해보자
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Book;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Publisher;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Review;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class BookRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private BookRepository bookRepository;
@Autowired
private PublisherRepository publisherRepository;
@Autowired
private ReviewRepository reviewRepository;
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
private User givenUser(){
return userRepository.findByEmail("martin@fastcampus.com");
}
private Publisher givenPublisher(){
Publisher publisher=new Publisher();
publisher.setName("테스트 publisher");
publisherRepository.save(publisher);
return publisher;
}
private Book givenBook(Publisher publisher) {
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("책입니당");
book.setPublisher(publisher);
bookRepository.save(book);
return book;
}
private void givenReview(User user, Book book) {
Review review= new Review();
review.setTitle("테스트 인 부트");
review.setContent("잼잼!");
review.setScore(5.0f);
review.setUser(user);
review.setBook(book);
reviewRepository.save(review);
}
private void givenBookAndReview() {
User user=givenUser();
Publisher publisher=givenPublisher();
Book book=givenBook(publisher);
givenReview(user,book);
}
@Test
public void bookRelationTest(){
//Book정보와 Review 정보를 저장
givenBookAndReview();
User user=userRepository.findByEmail("martin@fastcampus.com");
System.out.println("User : (userRepository)-"+user);
System.out.println("Review<-User: "+user.getReviews());
System.out.println("Book<-Review<-User: "+user.getReviews().get(0).getBook());
System.out.println("Publisher<-Book<-Review<-User: "+user.getReviews().get(0).getBook().getPublisher());
}
}
그러면 아래처럼 저번에 보았던 LazyInitializationException이 발생하였다
failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User.reviews, could not initialize proxy - no Session
그래서 메세지 내용 그대로, User에 대해서 Review 관계부분에 FetchType.EAGER를 적어주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.UserEntityListener;
import lombok.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
@Table(name="user")
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class,UserEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class, UserEntityListener.class})
@EntityListeners(value={UserEntityListener.class})
public class User extends BaseEntity /*implements Auditable*/{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Long id;
@NonNull
@Column(name="name")
private String name;
@NonNull
@Column(name="email")
private String email;
@Column(name="active")
private boolean active;
@Transient
private String testData;
//enum
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
@ToString.Exclude
private List<UserHistory> userHistories=new ArrayList<>();
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="user_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();
}
그런데 org.hibernate.loader.MultipleBagFetchException 이라는 예외가 발생했는데
이는, Bag이라는 구조가 있는데 이 구조가 List처럼 중복을 허용하는 자료구조라고 하는데 , 여러 BagType을 동시에 fetch해올 때 발생하는 에러라고 한다
(Troubleshooting) Hibernate MultipleBagFetchException 정복하기
우리는 대신에, 테스트 메서드 위에 @Transactional을 붙여주자
package com.example.jpa_entity.domain;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.listener.UserEntityListener;
import lombok.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Entity
@ToString(callSuper = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
@Table(name="user")
//@EntityListeners(value={MyEntityListener.class,UserEntityListener.class})
//@EntityListeners(value={AuditingEntityListener.class, UserEntityListener.class})
@EntityListeners(value={UserEntityListener.class})
public class User extends BaseEntity /*implements Auditable*/{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Long id;
@NonNull
@Column(name="name")
private String name;
@NonNull
@Column(name="email")
private String email;
@Column(name="active")
private boolean active;
@Transient
private String testData;
//enum
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private Gender gender;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name="user_id",insertable = false,updatable = false)
@ToString.Exclude
private List<UserHistory> userHistories=new ArrayList<>();
@OneToMany
@JoinColumn(name="user_id")
@ToString.Exclude
private List<Review> reviews=new ArrayList<>();
}
package com.example.jpa_entity.repository;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Book;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Publisher;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.Review;
import com.example.jpa_entity.domain.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
@SpringBootTest
class BookRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private BookRepository bookRepository;
@Autowired
private PublisherRepository publisherRepository;
@Autowired
private ReviewRepository reviewRepository;
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@BeforeEach
public void init(){
System.out.println("insert");
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("테스트");
book.setAuthorId(1L);
// book.setPublisherId(1L);
bookRepository.save(book);
System.out.println("insert 끝");
}
@Test
public void bookTest(){
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("jpa 초격차 패키지");
book.setAuthorId(2L);
// book.setPublisherId(2L);
bookRepository.save(book);
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
}
@Test
public void listenerTest(){
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
//Book(id=6, name=테스트, author=테스트, createdAt=2021-08-24T15:10:22.153, updatedAt=2021-08-24T15:10:22.153)
System.out.println("update");
Book book2=bookRepository.findById(6L).orElseThrow(RuntimeException::new);
book2.setName("수정");
bookRepository.save(book2);
System.out.println("update 끝");
bookRepository.findAll().forEach(System.out::println);
}
private User givenUser(){
return userRepository.findByEmail("martin@fastcampus.com");
}
private Publisher givenPublisher(){
Publisher publisher=new Publisher();
publisher.setName("테스트 publisher");
publisherRepository.save(publisher);
return publisher;
}
private Book givenBook(Publisher publisher) {
Book book=new Book();
book.setName("책입니당");
book.setPublisher(publisher);
bookRepository.save(book);
return book;
}
private void givenReview(User user, Book book) {
Review review= new Review();
review.setTitle("테스트 인 부트");
review.setContent("잼잼!");
review.setScore(5.0f);
review.setUser(user);
review.setBook(book);
reviewRepository.save(review);
}
private void givenBookAndReview() {
User user=givenUser();
Publisher publisher=givenPublisher();
Book book=givenBook(publisher);
givenReview(user,book);
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void bookRelationTest(){
//Book정보와 Review 정보를 저장
givenBookAndReview();
User user=userRepository.findByEmail("martin@fastcampus.com");
System.out.println("User : (userRepository)-"+user);
System.out.println("Review<-User: "+user.getReviews());
System.out.println("Book<-Review<-User: "+user.getReviews().get(0).getBook());
System.out.println("Publisher<-Book<-Review<-User: "+user.getReviews().get(0).getBook().getPublisher());
}
}
Hibernate:
insert
into
book
(id, created_at, updated_at, author_id, category, name, publisher_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
insert 끝
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_7_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_7_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_7_,
user0_.active as active4_7_,
user0_.email as email5_7_,
user0_.gender as gender6_7_,
user0_.name as name7_7_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.email=?
Hibernate:
select
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_8_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_8_0_,
userhistor0_.id as id1_8_1_,
userhistor0_.created_at as created_2_8_1_,
userhistor0_.updated_at as updated_3_8_1_,
userhistor0_.active as active4_8_1_,
userhistor0_.email as email5_8_1_,
userhistor0_.gender as gender6_8_1_,
userhistor0_.name as name7_8_1_,
userhistor0_.user_id as user_id8_8_1_
from
user_history userhistor0_
where
userhistor0_.user_id=?
Hibernate:
insert
into
publisher
(id, created_at, updated_at, name)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
book
(id, created_at, updated_at, author_id, category, name, publisher_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
review
(id, created_at, updated_at, book_id, content, score, title, user_id)
values
(null, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
select
user0_.id as id1_7_,
user0_.created_at as created_2_7_,
user0_.updated_at as updated_3_7_,
user0_.active as active4_7_,
user0_.email as email5_7_,
user0_.gender as gender6_7_,
user0_.name as name7_7_
from
user user0_
where
user0_.email=?
User : (userRepository)-User(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:10.650, updatedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:10.650), id=1, name=martin, email=martin@fastcampus.com, active=true, testData=null, gender=null)
Hibernate:
select
reviews0_.user_id as user_id8_6_0_,
reviews0_.id as id1_6_0_,
reviews0_.id as id1_6_1_,
reviews0_.created_at as created_2_6_1_,
reviews0_.updated_at as updated_3_6_1_,
reviews0_.book_id as book_id7_6_1_,
reviews0_.content as content4_6_1_,
reviews0_.score as score5_6_1_,
reviews0_.title as title6_6_1_,
reviews0_.user_id as user_id8_6_1_,
book1_.id as id1_3_2_,
book1_.created_at as created_2_3_2_,
book1_.updated_at as updated_3_3_2_,
book1_.author_id as author_i4_3_2_,
book1_.category as category5_3_2_,
book1_.name as name6_3_2_,
book1_.publisher_id as publishe7_3_2_,
publisher2_.id as id1_5_3_,
publisher2_.created_at as created_2_5_3_,
publisher2_.updated_at as updated_3_5_3_,
publisher2_.name as name4_5_3_,
bookreview3_.id as id1_4_4_,
bookreview3_.created_at as created_2_4_4_,
bookreview3_.updated_at as updated_3_4_4_,
bookreview3_.average_review_score as average_4_4_4_,
bookreview3_.book_id as book_id6_4_4_,
bookreview3_.review_count as review_c5_4_4_
from
review reviews0_
left outer join
book book1_
on reviews0_.book_id=book1_.id
left outer join
publisher publisher2_
on book1_.publisher_id=publisher2_.id
left outer join
book_review_info bookreview3_
on book1_.id=bookreview3_.book_id
where
reviews0_.user_id=?
Review<-User: [Review(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.233, updatedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.233), id=1, title=테스트 인 부트, content=잼잼!, score=5.0)]
Book<-Review<-User: Book(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.221, updatedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.221), id=2, name=책입니당, category=null, authorId=null)
Publisher<-Book<-Review<-User: Publisher(super=BaseEntity(cratedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.214, updatedAt=2021-08-30T16:35:11.214), id=1, name=테스트 publisher)
테스트를 실행해보면, 결과적으로는 지금은 Author에 대해서 별다른 설정을 해주지 않았으므로 null인 것은 당연하고
🌟getter로 접근해서 데이터를 가져올 수 있음을 확인해볼 수 있다(jpa의 장점)